Ontario (Toronto, Ottawa, Waterloo) has the most universities, strongest job market, and highest diversity, but faces expensive housing and high competition. British Columbia (Vancouver, Victoria) offers the mildest climate, beautiful nature, and growing tech sector, but Vancouver is extremely expensive. Quebec (Montreal) provides lowest tuition for all students, vibrant culture, and bilingual advantage, but requires French for most jobs and provincial rules differ. Alberta (Calgary, Edmonton) has a strong economy in energy, tech, and health, more affordable living, but harsh winters.
